Canada protects human rights mainly through the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, part of the Constitution Act, 1982. It guarantees fundamental freedoms (conscience and religion, expression, peaceful assembly, and association), democratic rights such as voting, mobility rights, legal rights like protection against unreasonable search and arbitrary detention, equality rights, and official-language and minority-language education rights.
Some rights, such as voting and the right to enter and leave Canada, belong only to citizens, while most apply to everyone in Canada. Charter rights can be subject to reasonable limits under section 1, and federal and provincial human rights acts add protection against discrimination by employers, landlords, and service providers.