Yes. Women have done philosophy for well over two thousand years, even though they were long left out of the standard histories of the field. Well-known examples include Christine de Pizan (died 1430) in the late Middle Ages and early modern thinkers such as Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia, Margaret Cavendish, Anne Conway, Damaris Masham, Mary Astell, and Emilie du Châtelet.
Later women philosophers include Mary Wollstonecraft, author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), and twentieth-century figures such as Simone de Beauvoir and Hannah Arendt, who are now widely treated as part of the philosophical canon. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that historians of philosophy have spent recent decades recovering many of these women’s works for the historical record.
Source: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Feminist History of Philosophy
Image: Mary Wollstonecraft by John Opie (c. 1797), public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.